COVID-19 qhov xwm txheej sib kis ua rau muaj kev txhawb zog rau kev nqis peev "kev tsim kho vaj tse tshiab"

Qhov laj thawj uas "cov khoom siv tshiab" hu ua "tshiab" yog piv rau cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj xws li "lub dav hlau pej xeem hlau", uas feem ntau yog cov khoom siv ntawm sab kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. Qhov project keeb kwm zoo sib xws ntawm "cov khoom siv tshiab" yog "lub teb chaws" uas tau thov los ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Tebchaws Meskas Clinton hauv xyoo 1993. "Information Superhighway", kev tsim kho vaj tse loj hauv kev lag luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, txoj kev npaj tau muaj kev cuam tshuam dav heev thoob ntiaj teb, thiab tsim lub koob meej yav tom ntej ntawm Tebchaws Meskas cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam. Hauv lub caij nyoog ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam, kev tsim kho vaj tse tau pom tseeb hauv kev txhawb nqa cov peev txheej lub cev. Kev ntws thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv; hauv lub caij nyoog ntawm kev lag luam digital, kev sib txuas lus mobile, cov ntaub ntawv loj, kev txawj ntse dag thiab lwm yam khoom siv network thiab cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv tau dhau los ua qhov tsim nyog thiab thoob ntiaj teb.

Lub "kev tsim kho tshiab" uas tau muab tso tawm rau lub sijhawm no muaj lub ntsiab lus dav dua thiab cov hom phiaj kev pabcuam dav dua. Piv txwv li, 5G yog rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes, UHV yog rau hluav taws xob, kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev hauv nroog thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog yog kev thauj mus los, cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv loj yog rau Is Taws Nem thiab cov kev pabcuam digital, thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog thiab Is Taws Nem kev lag luam yog ib qho kev lag luam nplua nuj thiab ntau haiv neeg. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem uas txhua yam raug thauj mus rau hauv nws, tab sis qhov no kuj cuam tshuam nrog lo lus "tshiab" vim tias tej yam tshiab yeej ib txwm tsim.

Xyoo 2019, cov koom haum cuam tshuam tau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv PPP project hauv tebchaws, nrog rau tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm 17.6 trillion yuan, thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse tseem yog lub taub hau loj, 7.1 trillion yuan, suav txog 41%; vaj tse nyob qib thib ob, 3.4 trillion yuan, suav txog 20%; "Infrastructure tshiab" yog li ntawm 100 billion yuan, suav txog li ntawm 0.5%, thiab tag nrho cov nyiaj tsis loj. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm 21st Century Business Herald, txij li Lub Peb Hlis 5, daim ntawv teev cov phiaj xwm peev txheej yav tom ntej uas tau muab los ntawm 24 lub xeev thiab cov nroog tau raug sau ua ke, suav nrog 22,000 qhov project, nrog rau tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm 47.6 trillion yuan, thiab kev npaj peev txheej ntawm 8 trillion yuan hauv xyoo 2020. Qhov feem pua ​​ntawm "infrastructure tshiab" twb nyob ib puag ncig 10%.

Thaum muaj tus kab mob sib kis no, kev lag luam digital tau ua pov thawj tias muaj zog heev, thiab ntau hom ntawv digital xws li lub neej huab, chaw ua haujlwm huab, thiab kev lag luam huab tau tawg tawm, ntxiv kev txhawb nqa tshiab rau kev tsim kho "kev tsim kho tshiab". Tom qab muaj tus kab mob sib kis, kev xav txog kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam, "kev tsim kho tshiab" yuav tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau dua thiab kev nqis peev ntau dua, thiab xav tau ntau dua kev cia siab ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam.

Kev siv hlau ntau hauv xya thaj chaw

Qhov chaw teeb tsa ntawm xya qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm "kev tsim kho tshiab" yog raws li kev lag luam digital thiab kev lag luam ntse. Kev lag luam hlau yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm lub zog kinetic tshiab thiab lub peev xwm tshiab uas muab los ntawm "kev tsim kho tshiab" mus rau qib siab dua, thiab tseem yuav yog "Kev tsim kho tshiab" muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.

Raws li xya qhov chaw thiab lub zog hlau rau cov ntaub ntawv hlau, los ntawm siab mus rau qis, lawv yog kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau, UHV, lub zog tshiab rau lub tsheb them nqi, 5G chaw nres tsheb, chaw khaws ntaub ntawv loj, Is Taws Nem kev lag luam, thiab kev txawj ntse dag.

Raws li National Railway's "Third Five-Year Plan", txoj kev npaj ua lag luam tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev rau xyoo 2020 yuav yog 30,000 kilometers. Xyoo 2019, qhov kev khiav tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev tam sim no tau mus txog 35,000 kilometers, thiab lub hom phiaj tau dhau ua ntej lub sijhawm teem tseg. "Xyoo 2020, txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv tebchaws yuav nqis peev 800 billion yuan thiab muab cov kab tshiab ntawm 4,000 kilometers rau kev ua haujlwm, uas txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev yuav yog 2,000 kilometers. Qhov kev tsom mus rau qhov tsis txaus, cov tes hauj lwm encrypted, thiab Qhov kev siv zog ntawm kev nqis peev yuav zoo ib yam li xyoo 2019. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lub teb chaws lub hauv paus network, xyoo 2019, tag nrho cov mais ntawm cov kev hauv nroog hauv lub tebchaws yuav ncav cuag 6,730 kilometers, nce ntawm 969 kilometers, thiab qhov kev siv zog ntawm kev nqis peev yuav nyob ib puag ncig 700 billion. Tsav los ntawm qhov version txhim kho ntawm txoj cai "kev tsim kho tshiab", Kev sib txuas hauv cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus network, cov haujlwm encryption, uas yog kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev ntawm nroog thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog, yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho yav tom ntej. Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev lag luam ntau dua, qhov kev thov ntau dua, qhov kev tsom mus rau cheeb tsam tom qab yog Yangtze River Delta, Zhuhai Raws li txoj kev npaj "Shanghai 2035", Changjiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei thiab Changjiang yuav tsim ib lub network "peb 1000 km" kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau ntawm cov kab hauv nroog, cov kab sib txuas, thiab cov kab hauv zos. Kev nqis peev ntawm 100 lab daus las Asmeskas hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau xav tau tsawg kawg 0.333 kev siv hlau Muaj kev nqis peev ntawm 1 trillion daus las Asmeskas los tsav qhov kev thov rau 3333 tons ntawm hlau, thiab kev siv ntev dua yog cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsheb ciav hlau.

UHV. Lub teb no feem ntau yog tsav los ntawm State Grid. Tam sim no nws pom tseeb tias xyoo 2020, 7 UHVs yuav raug pom zoo. Qhov kev rub hlau no feem ntau pom tseeb hauv cov hlau hluav taws xob. Xyoo 2019, kev siv hlau hluav taws xob yog 979 tons, uas tau nce 6.6% ntau zaus. Tom qab kev nce hauv kev nqis peev hauv grid uas UHV coj los, qhov kev thov rau hlau hluav taws xob yuav nce ntxiv.

Cov pawg them fais fab ntawm cov tsheb fais fab tshiab. Raws li "Txoj Kev Npaj Txhim Kho Kev Lag Luam Tsheb Fais Fab Tshiab", qhov piv txwv ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog 1:1, thiab yuav muaj kwv yees li 7 lab pawg them fais fab hauv Suav teb txog xyoo 2025. Cov pawg them fais fab feem ntau suav nrog cov khoom siv, cov xov hlau, cov kem thiab lwm yam khoom siv pabcuam. Ib pawg them fais fab 7KW raug nqi kwv yees li 20,000, thiab 120KW xav tau kwv yees li 150,000. Cov hlau rau cov pawg them fais fab me me raug txo qis. Cov loj yuav siv qee cov hlau rau cov brackets. Xam rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.5 tons txhua, 7 lab pawg them fais fab xav tau kwv yees li 350 tons hlau.

Chaw nres tsheb 5G. Raws li kev kwv yees ntawm Tuam Tshoj Lub Koom Haum Sib Txuas Lus Xov Xwm, kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev nqis peev hauv kev tsim kho network 5G yuav ncav cuag 1.2 trillion yuan los ntawm xyoo 2025; kev nqis peev hauv cov khoom siv 5G hauv xyoo 2020 yuav yog 90.2 billion, uas 45.1 billion yuav raug nqis peev rau hauv cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, thiab lwm yam khoom siv pabcuam xws li cov masts sib txuas lus yuav suav nrog. 5G infrastructure muab faib ua ob hom macro base stations thiab micro base stations. Lub pej thuam loj sab nraum zoov yog lub chaw nres tsheb macro base station thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho loj tam sim no. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb macro base station yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, cov khoom siv txhawb nqa hluav taws xob, kev tsim kho pej xeem, thiab lwm yam. Cov hlau koom nrog yog chav tshuab, txee, txee, kev sib txuas lus pej thuam, thiab lwm yam. Cov hlau ntim ntawm lub pej thuam sib txuas lus mast suav rau qhov loj, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub pej thuam peb-tube ib txwm yog li 8.5 Tons, tab sis feem ntau cov chaw nres tsheb macro base thiab micro base stations yuav vam khom 2/3/4G uas twb muaj lawm thiab lwm yam chaw sib txuas lus. Cov chaw nres tsheb me me feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj neeg coob coob, thiab tsis tas siv hlau ntau. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov hlau uas tsav los ntawm 5G chaw nres tsheb yuav tsis loj dhau. Kwv yees li ntawm 5% ntawm kev nqis peev ntawm chaw nres tsheb, xav tau hlau, thiab kev nqis peev trillion-dollar rau 5G ua rau kev siv hlau nce ntxiv txog li 50 billion yuan.

Chaw khaws cov ntaub ntawv loj, kev txawj ntse cuav, Is Taws Nem kev lag luam. Kev nqis peev kho vajtse feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv chav khoos phis tawj, cov servers, thiab lwm yam, piv rau plaub qhov chaw, kev siv hlau ncaj qha tsawg dua.

Pom "Kev Siv Hlau Tshiab" Los Ntawm Guangdong Cov Qauv

Txawm hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov hlau siv hauv xya thaj chaw loj sib txawv, vim tias kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau suav nrog feem ntau ntawm kev nqis peev hauv kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev tsim kho, nws yuav pom tseeb heev rau kev txhawb nqa kev siv hlau. Raws li daim ntawv teev cov haujlwm peev txheej uas tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Guangdong Province, muaj 1,230 qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv xyoo 2020, nrog rau tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm 5.9 trillion yuan, thiab 868 qhov haujlwm ua ntej, nrog rau tag nrho cov peev txheej kwv yees ntawm 3.4 trillion yuan. Cov khoom siv tshiab yog raws nraim 1 trillion yuan, suav txog 10% ntawm tag nrho cov phiaj xwm peev txheej ntawm 9.3 trillion yuan.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog yog 906.9 billion yuan, suav txog 90%. Qhov ntsuas kev nqis peev ntawm 90% yog qhov chaw uas muaj cov hlau ntau, thiab tus lej ntawm 39 qhov project yog ntau dua li lwm thaj chaw. sum. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm National Development and Reform Commission, kev pom zoo ntawm cov phiaj xwm thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog thiab hauv nroog twb tau mus txog trillions. Nws xav tias thaj chaw no yuav dhau los ua qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqis peev hauv cov khoom siv tshiab hauv qhov loj me thiab ntau npaum li cas.

Yog li ntawd, "cov khoom siv tshiab" yog lub sijhawm rau kev lag luam hlau los txhawb nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab nws tseem yuav tsim ib qho chaw loj hlob tshiab rau kev thov hlau.